日前，天然橡胶期货迎来上市30周年。天然橡胶与石油、钢铁、煤炭并称世界四大工业原料，是国防和工业建设不可缺少的重要战略资源。1993年3月27日，天然橡胶期货在上海期货交易所上市。
30年来，上海期货交易所坚持服务实体经济的根本方向，推动期货市场与橡胶产业行业共同发展。目前已建立覆盖期货期权、场内场外，连通境内境外的多层次天然橡胶衍生品体系，涵盖天然橡胶期货、20号胶期货、天然橡胶期权、天然橡胶标准仓单及延伸仓单、20号胶保税标准仓单、“保险＋期货”和场外期权助企项目等，产品体系日益完善，服务实体产业丰富多样的风险管理需求。
自2006年起，天然橡胶期货市场规模大幅提升，持续位于全球天然橡胶衍生品市场首位，2022年在美国期货业协会（FIA）统计的全球农产品衍生品合约中排名第十位。
近年，天然橡胶期货总体呈现“交易平稳、结算流畅、交割顺利、风险可控”的良好态势。天然橡胶期货、20号胶期货与现货价格相关系数在0.9以上，有效反映了国内外天然橡胶的供需变化。天然橡胶期货价格已成为天然橡胶国内贸易的定价基准，为国家相关部委、协会的相关决策提供参考依据，为各方参与者、使用者发现价格、管理风险、配置资源提供了切实可靠、稳定有效的平台。
在调研中记者了解到，长期以来，云胶集团运用现货和期货两个市场，一方面参考期市价格指导现货销售，另一方面通过期货进行保值，借助参与期货交易获得了长足发展，并推动地区经济增长。由于期货交割品对产品质量、工艺要求严格，推动了行业产品质量、标准化管理方面的能力提升。
广垦橡胶集团表示，近年橡胶价格走势低迷，因疫情等因素导致成本高企，成本与收入倒挂，造成胶农一度“弃管弃割”。2021年起，广垦橡胶集团参与上期所“期权稳产行动”项目，割胶农户收入得到保障，稳定了胶企经营、稳定了胶农生产、稳定了垦区橡胶产量，促进了广东天然橡胶产业健康发展。
2022年，以20号胶期货作为定价基准所签订的跨境贸易合同提升至近140万吨，占我国天然橡胶进口量近三成。海胶集团相关负责人表示，上期所20号胶期货较海外同类品种更符合国内进口的计价、风险对冲需求，参与跨境贸易的国外客户涉及泰国、马来西亚、印度尼西亚、老挝、非洲等国家和地区，体现出“上海胶”国际影响力在提升。下一步，上期所将着力构建中国特色现代天然橡胶期货衍生品体系，聚焦产业链和供应链稳定，全方位、多角度地服务好天然橡胶产业和实体经济的高质量发展。
https://proapi.jingjiribao.cn/detail.html?id=451231
看法：橡胶为世界四大工业原料之一，目前满30年在上海期货交易所上市，已覆盖了期货期权，场内外，香蕉衍生品等。关于价格有研究指出现货价与期货价相关系数0.9以上，这代表期货价是非常影响现货价的参数。许多企业以期货价为基础来指定现货价格。经过疫情冲击，香蕉走势低迷，所以橡胶企业采取“期权稳定行动”来稳固橡胶价格，为香蕉农户收入得到保障，确保生活，也为企业带来风险的空管。橡胶外贸订单量2022升至140万吨，对于 橡胶期货此产品也值得都提着关注。
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